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There is, being precise, a total population of about 14,73,673 as per the latest census and a considerable chunk is formed by tribal community as well as the socially challenged segment of society. Sabarkantha District comprises 8 Talukas named, Himmatnagar, Prantij, Talod, Idar, Vadali, Khedbrahma, Vijaynagar, Poshina. He is the Top DRT Lawyer, Best Criminal Lawyer, Experience Property Lawyer, Famous SSRD Advocate, Good Family Lawyer, Expert Divorce Lawyer and Specialist of Cheque Bounce Cases in Gujarat.
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In Sabarkantha Gujarat, Why Choose Advocate Paresh M Modi
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DRI (Directorate of Revenue Intelligence)
DRI stands for Directorate of Revenue Intelligence, India’s top anti-smuggling agency. It is part of the Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs (CBIC) under the Ministry of Finance. The DRI’s responsibilities include:
- Detecting and stopping the smuggling of contraband
- Combating commercial frauds related to international trade
- Preventing the evasion of customs duty
- Training intelligence and investigation officers for the Central Excise Collectorates and Custom Houses
The DRI was established on December 4, 1957.
Key Cases and Applicable Laws
The Directorate of Revenue Intelligence (DRI) is India’s premier intelligence and anti-smuggling agency, working under the Ministry of Finance. It primarily handles cases related to smuggling, customs duty evasion, and import-export violations. Here are the main cases DRI handles and the laws and sections that apply:
- Smuggling of Goods
DRI investigates cases of illegal movement of high-value items like gold, narcotics, electronics, foreign currency, and restricted items. Smuggling cases usually involve attempts to bypass customs or import/export restrictions.
- Customs Duty Evasion
DRI handles cases where companies or individuals try to evade customs duties through methods like undervaluation, false declaration, or concealment of goods.
- Trade-Based Money Laundering (TBML)
This type of money laundering involves manipulating trade documents and invoices (e.g., under-invoicing, over-invoicing) to launder money or evade taxes.
- Import-Export Violations
DRI enforces compliance with import/export policies, especially for restricted items like arms, ammunition, certain chemicals, and endangered wildlife products.
- Counterfeit and Restricted Goods
DRI investigates cases involving counterfeit items, unauthorized imports of pharmaceuticals, and currency, as well as restricted goods under India’s laws.
Applicable Laws for DRI Cases
Customs Act, 1962
Sections 104, 110, 111, 113, and 135 empower DRI to investigate, arrest, and penalize those involved in customs violations and smuggling activities.
Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 (NDPS Act)
Sections 8, 21, 22, 23, 42, and 67 deal with drug trafficking cases and provide DRI with powers to search, seize, and prosecute in narcotics-related cases.
Foreign Trade (Development and Regulation) Act, 1992
Sections 11, 16, and 17 allow DRI to take action against unauthorized import/export activities.
Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002 (PMLA)
Sections 3, 4, 17, and 18 empower DRI to investigate money laundering related to trade and customs offenses.
Wildlife Protection Act, 1972
Sections 39, 49B, and 50 enable DRI to address illegal wildlife trafficking cases.
Arms Act, 1959
Section 25 deals with illegal import/export of arms, giving DRI the power to prosecute in such cases.
In Gujarati Language
ડાયરેક્ટોરેટ ઓફ રેવન્યુ ઇન્ટેલિજન્સ (ડીઆરઆઈ) એ ભારતની મુખ્ય ગુપ્તચર અને કાયદેસર પ્રવૃત્તિઓ વિરુદ્ધની સંસ્થા છે, જે નાણાં મંત્રાલય હેઠળ કાર્ય કરે છે. ડીઆરઆઈ મુખ્યત્વે સીમાચિહ્ન તસ્કરી, કસ્ટમ ડ્યૂટી બાકી અને આયાત-નિર્ભરતા ઉલ્લંઘનના કેસોને હેન્ડલ કરે છે. અહીં મુખ્ય કેસો અને લાગુ કાયદાઓ છે:
- ચીજવસ્તુઓની તસ્કરી
ડીઆરઆઈએ સોનુ, નશીલા દ્રવ્યો, ઇલેક્ટ્રોનિક્સ, વિદેશી ચલણ અને પ્રતિબંધિત ચીજવસ્તુઓ જેવી ઉચ્ચ મૂલ્યવાળી ચીજવસ્તુઓની ગેરકાયદેસર હલનચલનના કેસોને તપાસે છે.
- કસ્ટમ ડ્યૂટી બાકી
ડીઆરઆઈ એવા કેસોને હેન્ડલ કરે છે જ્યાં કંપનીઓ અથવા વ્યક્તિઓ કસ્ટમ ડ્યૂટીમાંથી બચવા માટે જાની-જોઈને ખોટું મૂલ્ય દર્શાવે છે અથવા માલ છુપાવે છે.
- વેપાર આધારિત મની લોન્ડરિંગ
આમાં વેપાર દસ્તાવેજો અને બીલોને ફેરવીને (ઓવર-ઇન્વોઈસિંગ અથવા અંડર-ઇન્વોઈસિંગ) કાળા નાણાંને કાનૂની બનાવવી અથવા કર/ડ્યૂટી ઉલ્લંઘન કરવું શામેલ છે.
- આયાત–નિર્યાત ઉલ્લંઘનો
ડીઆરઆઈ આયાત-નિર્ભરતા નીતિનું પાલન કરાવે છે, ખાસ કરીને હથિયારો, અમુક કેમિકલ્સ અને ધમકી આપતી પ્રજાતિઓ જેવા પ્રતિબંધિત ચીજોને.
- નકલી અને પ્રતિબંધિત ચીજો
ડીઆરઆઈ નકલી ચીજવસ્તુઓ, બિનઅધિકૃત આયાત અને વિદેશી ચલણ જેવા કેસોની તપાસ કરે છે.
ડીઆરઆઈ કેસો માટે લાગુ કાયદાઓ
કસ્ટમ્સ અધિનિયમ, 1962
વિભાગ 104, 110, 111, 113, અને 135 ડીઆરઆઈને કસ્ટમ ઉલ્લંઘનો અને તસ્કરીની પ્રવૃત્તિઓ માટે તપાસ, ધરપકડ અને દંડ આપવા માટે સત્તા આપે છે.
માદક દ્રવ્યો અને મનોવિજ્ઞાનિક પદાર્થો અધિનિયમ, 1985 (NDPS Act)
વિભાગ 8, 21, 22, 23, 42, અને 67 નશીલા પદાર્થોની તસ્કરીના કેસોને આવરી લે છે અને ડીઆરઆઈને નશીલા પદાર્થોના કેસોમાં તપાસ, જપ્તી અને ગુનાખોરીની શક્તિ આપે છે.
વિદેશી વેપાર (વિકાસ અને નિયમન) અધિનિયમ, 1992
વિભાગ 11, 16, અને 17 ડીઆરઆઈને બિનઅધિકૃત આયાત/નિર્ભરતા પ્રવૃત્તિઓ સામે કાર્યવાહી કરવા સક્ષમ બનાવે છે.
પૈસા લોન્ડરિંગ નિવારણ અધિનિયમ, 2002 (PMLA)
વિભાગ 3, 4, 17, અને 18 ડીઆરઆઈને વેપાર અને કસ્ટમ્સ ગુનાઓ સાથે જોડાયેલા પૈસા લોન્ડરિંગ કેસોની તપાસ કરવાની સત્તા આપે છે.
વન્યજીવન સંરક્ષણ અધિનિયમ, 1972
વિભાગ 39, 49B, અને 50 ડીઆરઆઈને ગેરકાયદેસર વન્યજીવનની તસ્કરીના કેસોમાં સક્રિય બનવા માટે સત્તા આપે છે.
આમ્સ અધિનિયમ, 1959
વિભાગ 25 બિનઅધિકૃત હથિયારોની આયાત/નિર્ભરતા સાથે સંકળાયેલા કેસોમાં ડીઆરઆઈને કાર્યવાહી કરવાની સત્તા આપે છે.
The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) & the Enforcement Directorate (ED)
CBI (Central Bureau of Investigation)
CBI stands for Central Bureau of Investigation. It is India’s primary domestic crime-investigating agency:
- Purpose
The CBI was established in 1963 to investigate serious crimes, including corruption, fraud, cheating, embezzlement, and social crime. It also works to preserve public values and ensure the health of the national economy.
- Jurisdiction
The CBI investigates breaches of central laws, multi-state organized crime, and international cases. It also acts as India’s liaison with Interpol.
- Organization
The CBI operates under the Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions. It is exempt from the Right to Information Act.
- Recruitment
The CBI recruits its members through the Staff Selection Commission (SSC).
ED (Enforcement Directorate)
ED stands for Enforcement Directorate, a law enforcement agency of the Government of India that enforces economic laws and fights financial crimes:
- Established: May 1, 1956
- Headquarters: New Delhi
- Governing body: Government of India
- Administered by: Internal Security Department under the Ministry of Home Affairs
- Operates under: Department of Revenue, Ministry of Finance
- Key functions: Enforces laws such as the Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002 (PMLA), the Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 (FEMA), and the Fugitive Economic Offenders Act, 2018 (FEOA)
The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) and the Enforcement Directorate (ED) in India handle various types of high-profile cases, primarily related to corruption, money laundering, and economic offenses. Each agency operates under specific laws and sections for the investigation and prosecution of these offenses.
- CBI Jurisdiction and Cases
CBI’s Role: The CBI primarily investigates cases involving corruption, bribery, economic frauds, and certain types of criminal misconduct involving public officials. It can also take up cases of inter-state or international significance under specific orders.
Laws Applicable: The CBI derives its powers mainly from the Delhi Special Police Establishment Act, 1946. For anti-corruption cases, it typically uses the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 (PCA), along with relevant sections of the Indian Penal Code (IPC) for bribery, fraud, and criminal conspiracy.
- ED Jurisdiction and Cases
ED’s Role: The Enforcement Directorate focuses on investigating and prosecuting cases of money laundering and foreign exchange violations, often involving cross-border financial transactions or proceeds of crime.
Laws Applicable: The ED operates under the Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002 (PMLA), targeting money laundering offenses, and the Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 (FEMA), for violations related to foreign currency transactions.
- Key Sections Used in Investigations
CBI Sections: Key sections include Section 7 (Public servant taking gratification), Section 13 (Criminal misconduct) under the Prevention of Corruption Act, and various IPC sections like Section 409 (Criminal breach of trust) and Section 120B (Criminal conspiracy).
ED Sections: The ED uses Section 3 (Money Laundering) and Section 4 (Punishment for Money Laundering) of the PMLA, along with FEMA sections related to foreign exchange violations.
In Gujarati Language
- CBI નું ક્ષેત્ર અને કેસો
CBI ની ભૂમિકા: CBI મુખ્યત્વે ભ્રષ્ટાચાર, લાંચ, આર્થિક છેતરપિંડી અને જાહેર અધિકારીઓ સાથે સંબંધિત ગુનાહિત વર્તનના કેસોની તપાસ કરે છે. તે રાજ્યો અને આંતરરાષ્ટ્રીય મહત્વ ધરાવતા કેસો પણ ખાસ ઓર્ડર્સ હેઠળ લઈ શકે છે.
લાગુ કાયદા: CBI ની શક્તિઓ મુખ્યત્વે દિલ્હી સ્પેશિયલ પોલીસ એસ્ટેબ્લિશમેન્ટ અધિનિયમ, 1946 હેઠળ આવે છે. ભ્રષ્ટાચાર વિરોધી કેસ માટે તે સામાન્ય રીતે ભ્રષ્ટાચાર નિવારણ અધિનિયમ, 1988 (PCA) નો ઉપયોગ કરે છે, તેમજ લાંચ, છેતરપિંડી અને ગુનાહિત ષડ્યંત્ર માટે ભારતીય દંડ સંહિતા (IPC) ની લાગુ કલમોનો ઉપયોગ કરે છે.
- ED નું ક્ષેત્ર અને કેસો
ED ની ભૂમિકા: Enforcement Directorate નું મુખ્ય કાર્ય મની લોન્ડરિંગ અને વિદેશી વિનિમય ઉલ્લંઘનો સંબંધિત કેસોની તપાસ કરવાનું છે, જેમાં સામાન્ય રીતે આંતરરાષ્ટ્રીય આર્થિક વ્યવહારો અથવા ગુનાહિત નફા સામેલ હોય છે.
લાગુ કાયદા: ED પીએમએલએ, 2002 (PMLA) હેઠળ મની લોન્ડરિંગ કેસોનો પીછો કરે છે અને વિદેશી વિનિમય વ્યવહારો માટે વિદેશી વિનિમય વ્યવસ્થા અધિનિયમ, 1999 (FEMA) નો ઉપયોગ કરે છે.
- તપાસમાં ઉપયોગમાં લેવાતા મુખ્ય કલમો
CBI ની કલમો: મુખ્ય કલમોમાં ભ્રષ્ટાચાર નિવારણ અધિનિયમ હેઠળ કલમ 7 (લાંચ માટે નફો લેતા જાહેર સેવક) અને કલમ 13 (ગુનાહિત વર્તન) સામેલ છે, તેમજ ભારતીય દંડ સંહિતા (IPC) ની કલમ 409 (ગુનાહિત વિશ્વાસ ભંગ) અને કલમ 120B (ગુનાહિત ષડ્યંત્ર) નો સમાવેશ થાય છે.
ED ની કલમો: ED મની લોન્ડરિંગ અધિનિયમ હેઠળ કલમ 3 (મની લોન્ડરિંગ) અને કલમ 4 (મની લોન્ડરિંગ માટેની સજા) નો ઉપયોગ કરે છે, સાથે જ વિદેશી વિનિમય ઉલ્લંઘન માટે FEMA ની કલમો પણ લાગુ પડે છે.
These departments coordinate on cases when economic crimes intersect with corruption and cross-border financial transactions.
FEMA (Foreign Exchange Management Act)
FEMA stands for Foreign Exchange Management Act, which was enacted in India in 1999. It’s a key piece of legislation that aims to modernize and streamline foreign exchange laws in India. The act’s objectives include: Facilitating external trade and payments, Promoting the orderly development of India’s foreign exchange market, ensuring efficient payment systems, and Fostering economic stability.
Advocate Paresh M Modi, one of the best criminal lawyers in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, is renowned for his expertise in high-profile and complex criminal cases across multiple legal domains. Practicing extensively in Ahmedabad, Vadodara, Rajkot, Surat, Mahesana, Banaskantha, Sabarkantha, and Gandhinagar districts, he offers adept legal services under key legal frameworks such as the FEMA Act, CBI cases, ED cases, EOW cases, and PMLA Act. His proficiency extends to cases involving the SEBI Act, POCSO Act, DRI Department cases, the Prohibition Act, and Juvenile Act, making him a sought-after choice for clients requiring specialized legal knowledge and strong courtroom advocacy. Advocate Modi’s commitment to justice, coupled with his comprehensive legal insight, makes him a reliable and trusted lawyer for those facing significant legal challenges in Gujarat.